Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora electrode ya grafite harimo kokiya peteroli, kokiya y'urushinge hamwe n'ikara ry'amakara:

Kokiya ya peteroli nigicuruzwa gishobora gukongoka kiboneka mugusiga peteroli hamwe nibikomoka kuri peteroli.Ibara ni umukara kandi ryoroshye, ikintu nyamukuru ni karubone, kandi ivu riri hasi cyane, muri rusange munsi ya 0.5%.Kokiya ya peteroli ni ubwoko bwa karubone byoroshye.Kokiya ya peteroli ikoreshwa cyane munganda zikora imiti, metallurgie nizindi nganda.Nibikoresho nyamukuru bibyara umusaruro wa grafite ya artite nibicuruzwa bya karubone kuri aluminium electrolytike.

Ukurikije ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, kokiya ya peteroli irashobora kugabanywamo kokiya icyatsi na kokiya ibarwa.Iyambere ni peteroli ya peteroli yabonetse kubwo gutinda gutinda, irimo ibintu byinshi bihindagurika kandi bifite imbaraga nke za mashini.Kokiya ibarwa iboneka mukubara kokiya icyatsi.Inganda nyinshi mu Bushinwa zitanga kokiya gusa, kandi ibikorwa byinshi byo kubara bikorerwa mu bimera bya karubone.

Kokiya ya peteroli irashobora kugabanywamo kokiya nyinshi ya sulfure (hejuru ya 1.5% ya sulferi), kokiya yo hagati (0.5% -1.5% ya sulfure) hamwe na kokiya nkeya (munsi ya 0.5% ya sulferi).Graphite electrode nibindi bicuruzwa bya grafite byakozwe mubusanzwe bikoreshwa hifashishijwe kokiya nkeya.

Coke y'urushinge ni ubwoko bwa kokiya ifite fibrous igaragara, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe buke kandi byoroshye gushushanya.Iyo kokiya yamenetse, irashobora kugabanywamo ibice birebire kandi binini cyane (uburebure bwubugari buri hejuru ya 1.75) ukurikije imiterere.Imiterere ya fibrous anisotropique irashobora kugaragara munsi ya microscope ya polarizing, bityo yitwa coke inshinge.

Anisotropy yimiterere yumubiri nubukanishi bwa kokiya inshinge iragaragara cyane.Icyerekezo kibangikanye na axe ndende yibice bifite amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe bwumuriro, kandi coefficent yo kwagura ubushyuhe ni mike.Mugihe cyo gushushanya, amashoka maremare yibice byinshi atunganijwe muburyo bwo gukuramo.Kubwibyo, urushinge rwa kokiya nurufunguzo rwibanze rwo gukora amashanyarazi akomeye cyangwa ultra-high-power-grafite electrode.Graphite electrode yakozwe ifite imbaraga nke zo guhangana, coefficient ntoya yo kwagura ubushyuhe, hamwe no guhangana nubushyuhe bwiza.

Kokiya y'urushinge igabanijwemo amavuta ya kokiya ashingiye ku mavuta akomoka ku bisigazwa bya peteroli hamwe na kokiya y'urushinge ikomoka ku makara ikomoka mu kibanza gitunganijwe neza.

Ikara ry'amakara ni kimwe mu bicuruzwa nyamukuru byo gutunganya amakara yimbitse.Ni uruvange rwa hydrocarbone zitandukanye, umukara mwinshi wijimye wijimye igice cyangwa gikomeye mubushyuhe bwicyumba, udafite aho ushonga, koroshya nyuma yubushyuhe, hanyuma ugashonga, hamwe nubucucike bwa 1.25-1.35g / cm3.Ukurikije aho yoroshya igabanijwemo ubushyuhe buke, buringaniye n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru asfalt eshatu.Umusaruro wubushyuhe bwo hagati ya asfalt ni 54-56% yumutara wamakara.Ibigize amakara bitumen biragoye cyane, bifitanye isano nimiterere yamakara yamakara hamwe nibiri muri heteroatom, kandi binagira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yikoranabuhanga rya kokiya hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya amakara.Hano hari ibimenyetso byinshi biranga imiterere ya asifalt yamakara, nkibintu byoroshya asifalt, ibintu bitangirika bya toluene (TI), ibintu bitangirika bya quinoline (QI), agaciro kokiya numutungo wa rheologiya wa asifalt.

Ikara ry'amakara rikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho kandi byinjira mu nganda za karubone.Imiterere yacyo igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya karubone.Binder asfalt muri rusange ikoresha ingingo yoroheje yoroheje, agaciro kokisi, hejuru ya beta resin yubushyuhe bwo hagati cyangwa ubushyuhe buringaniye bwahinduwe asfalt, imiti yinjiza kugirango ikoreshe ahantu horoheje, QI yo hasi, rheologiya irashobora kuba nziza yubushyuhe bwo hagati.

• Igishushanyo cya electrode

Graphite electrode ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu itanura ryamashanyarazi, gucana amabuye yumuriro, itanura rirwanya, nibindi.

1. Graphite electrode ikoreshwa mu itanura rya arc ibyuma

Abakoresha cyane mu itanura ryamashanyarazi, gukora itanura ryamashanyarazi nugukoresha amashanyarazi ya grafite mumashanyarazi, amashanyarazi akomeye kumpera yo hepfo ya electrode binyuze mumyuka ya gaze ya arc, gukoresha arc yabyaye ubushyuhe bwo gushonga, ukurikije ubunini bwa ubushobozi bwitanura ryamashanyarazi, hamwe na diametre zitandukanye za electrode ya grafite, kugirango ukoreshe ubudahwema gukoresha electrode, electrode ukoresheje umugozi wa electrode uhujwe, electrode ya grafite ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bingana na 70-80% yumubare wuzuye wa electrode.

2. Koresha itanura ryumuriro wamashanyarazi

Itanura ryamabuye y'agaciro rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ferroalloy, silikoni yera, fosifore y'umuhondo, matte na kariside ya calcium.Ibiranga ni uko igice cyo hepfo ya electrode ikora gishyingurwa mumashanyarazi, bityo usibye ubushyuhe butangwa na arc hagati yisahani hamwe nubushakashatsi, umuyoboro unyuze mumashanyarazi ukoresheje imbaraga zumuriro nawo ubyara ubushyuhe, buri toni ya silicon ikenera gukoresha 150kg / electrode ya grafite, buri toni ya fosifore yumuhondo ikenera gukoresha 40kg ya electrode ya grafite.

3, ku itanura ryo guhangana

Gukora ibicuruzwa bya grafite bifite itanura rya grafite, itanura ryibirahure no gukora itanura rya silicon karbide ni itanura rirwanya, itanura ryashyizweho rirwanya ubushyuhe, nabyo ni ikintu cyo gushyushya.Mubisanzwe, amashanyarazi ya grafite ya electrode yinjizwa murukuta rwumutwe wumutwe kumpera yumuriro, bityo electrode ikora ntabwo ikomeza gukoreshwa.

Mubyongeyeho, umubare munini wa grafite ya electrode yubusa nayo ikoreshwa mugutunganya muburyo butandukanye bwingenzi, ubwato bwa grafite, gushushanya bishyushye hamwe na vacuum yamashanyarazi yumuriro nibindi bicuruzwa bidasanzwe.Kurugero, mubikorwa byikirahuri cya quartz, 10t ya grafite electrode yubusa irakenewe kuri buri musaruro wa capacitori ya 1t, kandi 100kg ya electrode yubusa ikoreshwa kuri buri matafari ya 1t quartz.

#gukwirakwiza karubone #graphite electrode #ibiyobyabwenge bya karubone